All Fermi answers
Fermi #6 · Question 3

How many bird species are found in North America?

Explore the official answer and the simple reasoning behind this Fermi estimate.

3QUESTION 3 OF 3

Answer & explanation

The official answer, with Fermi’s reasoning step by step.

Answer & explanation

Official answer

1,154

species

How to estimate it

Fermi’s official “Napkin math”

Start with the US. It stretches from the Arctic to the subtropics and hosts roughly 900 species. Canada adds arctic and boreal birds you don't see farther south, call it 100 more unique ones. Mexico's highlands and tropics bring another 150 that barely cross the border.

US species
~900
Canada adds (boreal, arctic)
+100
Mexico adds (highland, tropical)
+150
900 + 100 + 150
~1,150

Rounded assumptions may give a slightly different estimate. The official answer above is the game’s reference value.

Source calculation & reference
State of North America's Birds (2016)
1,154
Native breeders + regular oceanic species
US + Canada + Mexico combined
= 1,154

Reference cited by Fermi: State of North America's Birds 2016 · Cornell Lab / ABC / Birds Canada / CEC

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