All Fermi answers
Fermi #19 · Question 2

Roughly how many kangaroos are there in Australia?

Explore the official answer and the simple reasoning behind this Fermi estimate.

2QUESTION 2 OF 3

Answer & explanation

The official answer, with Fermi’s reasoning step by step.

Answer & explanation

Official answer

42,000,000

kangaroos

How to estimate it

Fermi’s official “Napkin math”

Start with Australia's population, about 26 million people. How many kangaroos are there for every person? Probably more, the outback is a big place. Let's assume 1.5 roos for every person.

Australian population
≈ 26,000,000
Kangaroos per person
≈ 1.5
26M × 1.5
≈ 39,000,000

Rounded assumptions may give a slightly different estimate. The official answer above is the game’s reference value.

Source calculation & reference
Surveyed commercial-harvest-zone population estimate, NSW/QLD/SA/WA/VIC (Australian Government DCCEEW, 2023)
≈ 35,000,000
Australian Government's broader estimate for the whole country, including non-surveyed areas like the NT
40,000,000-50,000,000
Midpoint used as the answer
≈ 42,000,000

Reference cited by Fermi: Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW), kangaroo population estimates

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