All Fermi answers
Fermi #75 · Question 2

How many wild elephants lived in Africa at the last full continent-wide count, published in 2016?

Explore the official answer and the simple reasoning behind this Fermi estimate.

2QUESTION 2 OF 3

Answer & explanation

The official answer, with Fermi’s reasoning step by step.

Answer & explanation

Official answer

415,000

elephants

How to estimate it

Fermi’s official “Napkin math”

Africa has about 50 countries, and most still have some wild elephants. Call it 35. How many in each? A few have huge herds and plenty have only a handful, so maybe 10,000 on average.

Countries with elephants
~35
Elephants per country
× 10,000
35 × 10,000
≈ 350,000

Rounded assumptions may give a slightly different estimate. The official answer above is the game’s reference value.

Source calculation & reference
IUCN African Elephant Status Report 2016, surveyed populations (data to end of 2015)
≈ 415,000 (± about 20,000)
Net loss since 2007, mostly to poaching
≈ 110,000
≈ result
415,000 elephants

Reference cited by Fermi: IUCN SSC African Elephant Specialist Group, African Elephant Status Report 2016

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